The stresses are written in terms of this new function and a new differential equation is. If the preparation work has been done well, very few piping system designs will fail the pipe stress evaluation criteria. It assumes the structure to be fully elastic even in local fatigue related details like notches. The stress f in the extreme fibres cannot exceed f y. There will be some repetition of the earlier analyses.
It is important to stress that control samples of data or simulated data should be used in the. Theory of structures short notes pdf civil engineering mcqs. Notes for experimental stress analysis anna university. The above equation is a simple linear model for the 1d analysis of materials operating in the elastic region of behavior. The vonmises effective stress e also sometimes referred to as equivalent stress is defined as the uniaxial tens ile stress that would create. Structural dynamics is the study of how structures respond when subjected to applied loads. We have already looked into some aspects of stress analysis. This notes are best for strength of material subject. But strength models are often intimately related to stress. A hypothetical value of stress at failure for exactly n f cycles as determined from an sn diagram.
The outcome of all these analyses is the forming load. For any state of stress, we can find a set of planes on which only normal stresses act and the shearing stresses are zero. Experimental stress analysis stress analysis using photoelasticity ravi keerthi global academy of technology stress analysis using photoelasticity concepts of photoelasticity. Pdf strength of materials stress on an oblique plane. Concepts of stress and strain university of arizona. Weld design and specification jim glancey, pe depts. So, we decided to provide a simple tutorial on the basics of piping stress analysis. Chapter 16 structural dynamics learning objectives to discuss the dynamics of a singledegreeof freedom springmass system. Nptel mechanical engineering forming joint initiative of iits and iisc funded by mhrd analysis of cold rolling a more accurate method. Download free notes for experimental stress analysis anna university pdf, you can be wise to spend the get older for reading. Share methods of analysis and help you understand their applications and limitations. The first type of analysis invented, and the first type of analysis still used nowadays is linear static analysis. If one does optimize with a cut based approach, and then to perform a more sophisticated data analysis, the end result will be less precise than if one applied a loose set of cuts, then performed the subsequent data analysis.
Modal analysis is the study of the dynamic character of a system which is defined independently from the loads applied to the system and the response of the system. Nptel video lectures, iit video lectures online, nptel youtube lectures, free video lectures, nptel online courses, youtube iit videos nptel courses. If we require a 3d analysis of materials, we must use a more advanced matrix relationship between stress and strain, known as generalized hookes law. Pipe stress analysis is only one portion of piping engineering. Stress life method, more commonly known as the sn or nominal stress method is used for total life calculation. No matter what stresses are imposed on an elastic body, provided the material does not.
Lecture notes mechanics and materials ii mechanical. Visit the cal poly pomona mechanical engineering departments video library, me online. This method of design limits the structural usefulness of the material upto a certain allowable. Strength of materials and failure theories 2010 state of stress this is a 2d state of stress only the independent stress components are named. Strength of materials prof sk bhattacharya department of. That means that the primary unknown will be the generalized displacements. If the stresses are normal to the areas concerned, then these are termed as normal stresses. Provide a valuable reference and a trail to data sources. An introduction to tensors for students of physics and. The number of cycles of stress or strain that a specimen sustains before failure occurs. Weld design and specification university of delaware.
Nptel notes pdf civil engineering 105 courses in pdf format ships within 5 days. Routine stress analysis, using the more readily available textbook references, serve to provide quantitative analysis of limited accuracy, being based on several simplifying and gross assumptions. Several assumptions have been made to derive the following equations for circumferential and longitudinal stresses. Introduction strength of materials analysis of stress 1 analysis of stress ii analysis of stress iii analysis of stress iv analysis of. In this section we focus on slab method, which is the simplest type of analysis for. The isochromatic pattern is related to the stress system by the stressoptic law. In the last lesson i introduced the concept of stresses. Bvs viswanadham, department of civil engineering, iit. Definition of stress, stress tensor, normal and shear stresses in axially loaded. However, the limit state method, though semiempirical approach, has been found to be the best for the design of reinforced concrete structures see sec. Want to see more mechanical engineering instructional videos. Stressstrain curve of concrete creep is another time dependent deformation of concrete by which it continues to deform, usually under compressive stress.
Stress causes and its management at the work place a. Study of stressstiffening effect on the dynamic response of fandisc assembly of a fighter aircraft engine conference paper pdf available december 2011 with. Find materials for this course in the pages linked along the left. Called principal planes and the normal stresses acting on these planes are principal stresses denoted as s1, s2 and s3. Bhattacharyya, department of civil engineering, iit kharagpur. Basic pipe stress analysis tutorial good, relevant and nonoverwhelming technical information on pipe stress analysis is hard to come by. The discovery of photoelastic effect is credited to sir david brewster who published in 1816. This tutorial is directed towards newcomers to pipe stress analysis just as much as to engineers new to caepipe. Photoelasticity is an experimental method for two dimensional stress analysis which uses optical effect to determine mechanical stresses and their distribution.
Strength of material som notes free pdf download strength of material notes by prof. Part ii1 soil composition, index properties and soil classification pdf 1. Complex functions and their mapping properties, their. Now, it is expected that once this particular lesson is completed, one should be able to evaluate stresses on any plane through stress transformation equations. Theories of failure it is often convenient in situations involving combined tensile and shear stresses acting at a point to define an effective stress that can be used to represent the stress combination. Mechanical engineering engineering fracture mechanics see other formats 1 engineering fracture mechanics by prof. Highly detailed stress results, leading to more accurate analysis, is not a simple exercise and must generally be conducted by persons having.
Plastic analysis version ii 35 1 plastic analysis 1. Analysis of strains concept of strain concept of strain. Each of these stresses can be calculated from static equilibrium equations. Introduction to stress analysis, strength of materials, theory of elasticity. Strength of materials stress on an oblique plane under axial loading l3. Flexibility analysis of piping part 1 home about us contact us downloads free magazines and ebooks faqs in interviews advertise with us piping guide a unique blog for oil and gas professionals covering topics related to piping and process. Mohrcoulomb failure criteria and its limitations, correlation. Stresslife curves, sn continued common terms used with the sndiagram are fatigue life, n f. Stress at the workplace has become an increasing phenomenon due to external factors such as technological advancement, changes in the economy of a country which might lead to becoming redundant and so on. Nptel syllabus complex analysis video course course outline complex numbers, the topology of the complex plane, the extended complex plane and its representation using the sphere.
Keys and keyways keys are used to transmit torque from a rotating machine element to the shaft. Iweld strength analysis is generally based on shear strength. If the bar has an original length l and changes by an amount l, the strain produce is defined as follows. There are other major considerations before performing the stress analysis. I dont know the precise statistics, but i heard that 90% of the analysis performed are linear static whether appropriate or not 2 what is linear static analysis. To derive the finite element equations for the timedependent stress analysis of the onedimensional bar, including derivation of the lumped and consistent mass matrices. The 2d strains are commonly written as a column vector in finite element analysis. Bhattacharyya nptel online videos, courses iit video lectures. Let us define the normal stresses and shear stresses in the following sections. The constraints and applicabilities of both the methods will be discussed later. A single stress component z can exist on the zaxis and the state of stress is still called 2d and the following equations apply. Then, we carry out the analysis of stress at a point to develop the ideas of stress invariants, principal stresses, maximum shear stress, octahedral stresses and the.
This particular lesson includes the recapitulation of the lessons we discussed already such as evaluation of stresses in polar coordinate system and examples for. Stress analysis of parallel keys a key has two failure mechanisms. Kolecki national aeronautics and space administration glenn research center cleveland, ohio 445 tensor analysis is the type of subject that can make even the best of students shudder. Stress strain relation considering thermal effects. The creep strains recover partly when the stresses are released. Factors for fatigue stress analysis type of weld stress increase butt weld 1. Basic caepipe, pipe stress analysis software piping. Introduction free body diagram revisited normal, shear and bearing stress stress on inclined planes under axial loading strain mechanical properties of materials true. Pdf study of stressstiffening effect on the dynamic. Here, the fully three dimensional stress state is examined. For the most part, the discussion was confined to twodimensional states of stress. The following set of lecture notes cover every major topic discussed in class.
Plastic analysis version ii 35 5 while the beam remains entirely elastic the stress in every fibre is proportional to its strain and to its distance from the neutral axis. Students will be challenged to develop both analytical and practical skills in fatigue analysis. Concepts of stress and strain one of our principal concerns in this course is material behavior strength. Stress state, mohrs circle analysis and pole, principal stress space, stress paths in pq space.
Mechanical vibrations overview of experimental modal analysis. An introduction to tensors for students of physics and engineering joseph c. Analysis of plane strain upset forging of rectangular billet. All other items of interest will mainly depend on the. Torsional stress, as encountered in twisting of a shaft is a shearing stress. Stresses, however, cannot be directly measured, but stain is measurable and can be directly related to stress. Theories of failure memorial university of newfoundland. The normal stress in x plane is v x and correspondingly the shear stress is. Dabjdesign and analysis of bolted joints for aerospace engineers.